Prohibition Take Two. Professor Ramos Blog

Prohibition Take Two. At some point in each of our lives whether it has already happened or one day will happen, we’ll see one of our friends or family members impacted by the effects of alcohol. My father lost two of his brothers because of alcohol. One died from cancer and liver failure due to his alcoholism and the other was hit by a drunk driver riding his motorcycle at a very young age. My father named my brother after him, Greg. As I’m sure many of you who are reading this can name someone or know somebody effected by this poison, we must look at the leading cause of these accidental or long-term fatalities. We need to look at banning the production of all Alcohol manufacturers for the sake of our future and our livelihood. Before I get into the long-term and short-term effects of alcohol I have a story of my own about two people I knew effected by alcohol. I had two friends I knew very well in high school that were severely impacted by alcohol but both on very different sides of the story. One was Jeremiah Holmes who was an avid hockey player and was on his way for playing for the Junior USA Olympic hockey team. Jeremiah was a kind soul and extremely kind to others and did not deserve to be hit by that drunk driver. His life ended so shortly in the split second, someone who deserved much more out of this life. The other was Zachary Benjamin. Zach wasn’t like Jeremiah at all. Zach was a little more clueless to the world around him and continuously made bad choices. Zach moved to Florida and within the first month got drunk and hit two young kids, ages 11 and 6 heading home from playing basketball. The youngest was killed and the other left on life support who later survived. Zach never turned him self in. Instead the next day took his Toyota Tacoma truck to get his front bumper fixed and thank the Lord the repair man noticed and called the authorities. Zach is now in prison serving only 7 years as his life also changed within a split second because of alcohol. The point I’m trying to make is that alcohol doesn’t care if you’re good or bad, right or wrong. One way or another it has a way to make an instant impact on many people’s lives and usually the impact is never good. Drunk driving accidents are more common than ever nowadays. â€Å"Every day, 29 people in the United Sates die in motor vehicle crashes that involve an alcohol-impaired driver† (CDC). That’s 10,585 people who die yearly in America due to drunk driving. And it seems these odds are only increasing due to the fact we promote alcohol on every other commercial as well as major sports games. The NFL’s leading sponsor is an alcohol company, Bud Light. The NFL preaches to our children to work out sixty minutes a day yet when they watch their favorite sports team they are subjected to watching people on TV start a party by cracking open a bottle of corona during a commercial. And Lord knows anyone who watches football on Sunday knows just how many commercials there are. These companies may not admit it, but they are starting a chain for the future drinkers of America. But these advertisements aren’t just reaching our children. They connect to people like you and me . We see people on TV drinking and having a good time, reminding us of the good times we’ve had on a night out drinking in the past. Leading us to want to re-create those memories. â€Å"Although not denying the importance of social factors, most psychological models of alcohol consumption are based on the assumption that drinking behavior is sustained for its personal effects. These effects are generally conceived in terms of a reduction in tension or anxiety† (Hull). Sure, it’s nice to go out and have a drink with a few friends to relieve your stresses. Than the next day you’re twice as stressed and would care to relieve it again. Maybe you’re worried about something at work or a relationship and a drink would calm the nerves and tension. â€Å"This cycle eventually leads to habitual drinking when alcohol consumption becomes a primary response to heightened internal tension† (Hull). We eventually become so combined to this idea that alcohol helps me relax or helps with my nerves that we let that become our norm. We forget that alcohol isn’t the only thing that helps with stress, it’s just easier than exercise a nd feels better. â€Å"People are motivated to bring about affective changes through the use of alcohol to the extent that they do not have satisfying positive incentives to pursue and enjoy and to the extent that their lives are burdened by negative incentives that they are not making satisfactory progress toward removing† (Cox et al.). We use alcohol for many, many reasons. This we all can call a true statement. But what Cox is trying to say is that we look to alcohol to bring changes in our body and mind because its easier and quickly effective to relieving this tension than burdening ourselves to deal with the problems that are making us want to drink in the first place. If we’re lucky enough to survive without being hit by a drunk driver or starting your ignition while being drunk yourself, then we should look at what some of the long-term effects of alcohol will do to your body. â€Å"An estimated 88,000 people (approximately 62,000 men and 26,000 women) die from alcohol-related causes annually, making alcohol the third leading preventable cause of death in the United States† (NIAAA). Let’s look at that number and match it with the previous number we looked at earlier. 10,585 people die yearly from drunk driving. So, 77,415 people die yearly from alcohol related causes other than drunk driving accidents. If alcohol doesn’t kill you when you are young it will eventually come to get you as you get older. Some long-term health risks include high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, liver disease, cancer of the breast, mouth, throat, esophagus, liver and colon (CDC). So many different types of problems the body can develop through the continuation of consuming alcohol. So why on earth do we drink it? Well just like Jay Hull, the Dartmouth Professor of Psychological and Brain Sciences said earlier of how the effects of alcohol reduces tension and anxiety. If there is a major psychological problem that we humans have nowadays is that a lot of us have anxiety. So sure, drinking could help relieve this, but it really does not seem like those pros will out way the cons of alcohol consumption. Due to the fact of developing habitual drinking pattern or putting yourself at risk by people who are drinking. Many will argue that they are safe when they drink, or they only drink a few times a week. No matter how many of you are like that, there are going to be 10 folds many more of people who cannot control themselves and put so many of our loved ones in harm. If alcohol were to be banned we would have a healthier, goal-oriented, safer society. Our world will not be damaged by a poison that’s become so easily accessible to ourselves let alone our childr en. These companies market a cancer to our world all while making a profit for it. We need to stop hurting our future by consuming alcohol. We need to ban alcohol. Benjamin, Zachary. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uoHOQH6xs_0 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Alcohol-Related Disease Impact (ARDI). Atlanta, GA: CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/alcohol-use.htm Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). â€Å"Impaired Driving: Get the Facts†. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/motorvehiclesafety/impaired_driving/impaired-drv_factsheet.html Cox, Miles. Klinger, Eric. â€Å"A Motivational Model of Alcohol Use†. The American Psychological Association, Inc. June 1988. Vol 97, No.2, pg. 168-180. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Eric_Klinger/publication/19866619_A_Motivational_Model_of_Alcohol_Use/links/00b49529e4689e6234000000.pdf Hull, Jay. â€Å"A Self-Awareness Model of the Causes and Effects of Alcohol Consumption†. Department of Sociology, Indian University. May 1993. Vol. 90. No. 6, pg. 586-600. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7e30/bc7195cec58c749c22a3b8e6461bcb0d59d9.pdf NIAAA. â€Å"Alcohol Facts and Statistics†. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol-consumption/alcohol-facts-and-statistics Eric Kazos English 010 3pm

Post-Impressionism Era in Art History

Post-Impressionism Era in Art History The term Post-Impressionism was invented by the English painter and critic Roger Fry as he prepared for an exhibition at the Grafton Gallery in London in 1910. The show, held November 8, 1910–January 15, 1911) was called Manet and the Post-Impressionists, a canny marketing ploy which paired a brand name (Édouard Manet) with younger French artists whose work was not well known on the other side of the English Channel. The up-and-comers in the exhibition included the painters Vincent van Gogh, Paul Cà ©zanne, Paul Gauguin, George Seurat, Andrà © Derain, Maurice de Vlaminck, and Othon Friesz, plus the sculptor Aristide Maillol. As the art critic and historian Robert Rosenblum explained, Post-Impressionists... felt the need to construct private pictorial worlds upon the foundations of Impressionism. For all intents and purposes, it is accurate to include the Fauves among the  Post-Impressionists. Fauvism, best described as a  movement-within-a-movement, was characterized by artists who used color, simplified forms and ordinary subject matter in their paintings. Eventually, Fauvism evolved into Expressionism. Reception As a group and individually, the Post-Impressionist artists pushed the ideas of the Impressionists in new directions. The word Post-Impressionism indicated both their link to the original Impressionist ideas and their departure from those ideas - a modernist journey from the past into the future. The Post-Impressionist movement was not a lengthy one. Most scholars place Post-Impressionism from the mid-to-late-1880s to the early 1900s. Frys exhibition and a follow-up which appeared in 1912 were received by the critics and public alike as nothing less than anarchy - but the outrage was brief. By 1924, the writer ​Virginia Woolf commented that the Post-Impressionists had changed human consciousness, forcing writers and painters into less certain, experimental efforts. The Key Characteristics of Post-Impressionism The Post-Impressionists were an eclectic bunch of individuals, so there were no broad, unifying characteristics. Each artist took an aspect of Impressionism and exaggerated it. For example, during the Post-Impressionist movement, Vincent van Gogh intensified Impressionisms already vibrant colors and painted them thickly on the canvas (a technique known as  impasto). Van Goghs energetic brushstrokes expressed emotional qualities. While it is difficult to characterize an artist as unique and unconventional as van Gogh, art historians generally view his earlier works as representative of Impressionism,  and his later works as examples of Expressionism (art loaded with charged emotional content). In other examples, Georges Seurat took the rapid, broken brushwork of Impressionism and developed it into the millions of colored dots that create Pointillism, while Paul Cà ©zanne elevated Impressionisms separation of colors into separations of whole planes of color.   Cezanne and Post-Impressionism It is important not to understate the role of Paul Cà ©zanne in both Post-Impressionism and his later influence on modernism. Cezannes paintings included many different subject matters, but all included his trademark color techniques. He painted landscapes of French towns including Provence, portraits that included The Card Players, but may be best known among modern art lovers for his still life paintings of fruit. Cezanne became a major influence on Modernists such as Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse, both of whom revered the French master as a father.   The list below pairs the leading artists with their respective Post-Impressionist Movements. Best-Known Artists Vincent van Gogh - ExpressionismPaul Cà ©zanne - Constructive PictorialismPaul Gauguin - Symbolist, Cloisonnism, Pont-AvenGeorges Seurat - Pointillism (a.k.a. Divisionism or Neoimpressionism)Aristide Maillol - The NabisÉdouard Vuillard and Pierre Bonnard - IntimistAndrà © Derain, Maurice de Vlaminck and Othon Friesz - Fauvism Sources Nicolson B. 1951. Post-Impressionism and Roger Fry. The Burlington Magazine 93 (574):11-15.Quick JR. 1985. Virginia Woolf, Roger Fry . The Massachusetts Review 26(4):547-570.and Post-Impressionism